ac(1, 1M, 1m) |
login accounting |
adb(1) |
debugger |
ar(1) |
archive and library maintainer |
arcv(1, 1M, 1m) |
convert archives to new format |
as(1) |
assembler |
at(1) |
execute commands at a later time |
awk(1) |
pattern scanning and processing language |
bas(1) |
basic |
basename(1) |
strip filename affixes |
bc(1) |
arbitrary-precision arithmetic language |
cal(1) |
print calendar |
calendar(1) |
reminder service |
cat(1) |
catenate and print |
cb(1) |
C program beautifier |
cc, pcc(1) |
C compiler |
cd(1) |
change working directory |
chmod(1) |
change mode |
chown, chgrp(1) |
change owner or group |
clri(1, 1M, 1m) |
clear i-node |
cmp(1) |
compare two files |
col(1) |
filter reverse line feeds |
comm(1) |
select or reject lines common to two sorted files |
cp(1) |
copy |
crypt(1) |
encode/decode |
cu(1, 1C, 1c) |
call UNIX |
date(1) |
print and set the date |
dc(1) |
desk calculator |
dcheck(1, 1M, 1m) |
file system directory consistency check |
dd(1) |
convert and copy a file |
deroff(1) |
remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs |
df(1, 1M, 1m) |
disk free |
diff(1) |
differential file comparator |
diff3(1) |
3-way differential file comparison |
du(1) |
summarize disk usage |
dump(1, 1M, 1m) |
incremental file system dump |
dumpdir(1, 1M, 1m) |
print the names of files on a dump tape |
echo(1) |
echo arguments |
ed(1) |
text editor |
eqn, checkeq, neqn(1) |
typeset mathematics |
expr(1) |
evaluate arguments as an expression |
f77(1) |
Fortran 77 compiler |
factor, primes(1) |
factor a number, generate large primes |
file(1) |
determine file type |
find(1) |
find files |
graph(1, 1G, 1g) |
draw a graph |
grep, egrep, fgrep(1) |
search a file for a pattern |
icheck(1, 1M, 1m) |
file system storage consistency check |
intro(1) |
introduction to commands |
iostat(1, 1M, 1m) |
report I/O statistics |
join(1) |
relational database operator |
kill(1) |
terminate a process with extreme prejudice |
ld(1) |
loader |
lex(1) |
generator of lexical analysis programs |
lint(1) |
a C program verifier |
ln(1) |
make a link |
login(1) |
sign on |
look(1) |
find lines in a sorted list |
lookall(1) |
look through all text files on UNIX |
lorder(1) |
find ordering relation for an object library |
ls(1) |
list contents of directory |
m4(1) |
macro processor |
mail(1) |
send or receive mail among users |
make(1) |
maintain program groups |
man(1) |
print sections of this manual |
mesg(1) |
permit or deny messages |
mkconf(1, 1M, 1m) |
generate configuration tables |
mkdir(1) |
make a directory |
mkfs(1, 1M, 1m) |
construct a file system |
mknod(1, 1M, 1m) |
build special file |
mount, umount(1, 1M, 1m) |
mount and dismount file system |
mv(1) |
move or rename files and directories |
ncheck(1, 1M, 1m) |
generate names from i-numbers |
newgrp(1) |
log in to a new group |
nice, nohup(1) |
run a command at low priority |
nm(1) |
print name list |
od(1) |
octal dump |
passwd(1) |
change login password |
plot(1, 1G, 1g) |
graphics filters |
pr(1) |
print file |
prep(1) |
prepare text for statistical processing |
prof(1) |
display profile data |
ps(1) |
process status |
pstat(1, 1M, 1m) |
print system facts |
ptx(1) |
permuted index |
pubindex(1) |
make inverted bibliographic index |
pwd(1) |
working directory name |
quot(1, 1M, 1m) |
summarize file system ownership |
ranlib(1) |
convert archives to random libraries |
ratfor(1) |
rational Fortran dialect |
refer, lookbib(1) |
find and insert literature references in documents |
restor(1, 1M, 1m) |
incremental file system restore |
rev(1) |
reverse lines of a file |
rm, rmdir(1) |
remove (unlink) files |
roff(1) |
format text |
sa, accton(1, 1M, 1m) |
system accounting |
sed(1) |
stream editor |
sh, :, case, for, if, while(1) |
, . , break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, newgrp, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait command language |
size(1) |
size of an object file |
sleep(1) |
suspend execution for an interval |
sort(1) |
sort or merge files |
spell, spellin, spellout(1) |
find spelling errors |
spline(1, 1G, 1g) |
interpolate smooth curve |
split(1) |
split a file into pieces |
strip(1) |
remove symbols and relocation bits |
struct(1) |
structure Fortran programs |
stty(1) |
set terminal options |
su(1) |
substitute user id temporarily |
sum(1) |
sum and count blocks in a file |
sync(1, 1M, 1m) |
update the super block |
tabs(1) |
set terminal tabs |
tail(1) |
deliver the last part of a file |
tar(1) |
tape archiver |
tbl(1) |
format tables for nroff or troff |
tc(1) |
photypesetter simulator |
tee(1) |
pipe fitting |
test(1) |
condition command |
time(1) |
time a command |
tk(1) |
paginator for the Tektronix 4014 |
touch(1) |
update date last modified of a file |
tp(1) |
manipulate tape archive |
tr(1) |
translate characters |
troff, nroff(1) |
text formatting and typesetting |
true, false(1) |
provide truth values |
tsort(1) |
topological sort |
tty(1) |
get terminal name |
uniq(1) |
report repeated lines in a file |
units(1) |
conversion program |
uucp, uulog(1, 1C, 1c) |
unix to unix copy |
uux(1, 1C, 1c) |
unix to unix command execution |
wait(1) |
await completion of process |
wall(1, 1M, 1m) |
write to all users |
wc(1) |
word count |
who(1) |
who is on the system |
write(1) |
write to another user |
yacc(1) |
yet another compiler-compiler |
access(2) |
determine accessibility of file |
acct(2) |
turn accounting on or off |
alarm(2) |
schedule signal after specified time |
brk, break, sbrk(2) |
change core allocation |
chdir, chroot(2) |
change default directory |
chmod(2) |
change mode of file |
chown(2) |
change owner and group of a file |
close(2) |
close a file |
creat(2) |
create a new file |
dup, dup2(2) |
duplicate an open file descriptor |
exit(2) |
terminate process |
fork(2) |
spawn new process |
getpid(2) |
get process identification |
getuid, getegid, geteuid, getgid(2) |
get user and group identity |
indir(2) |
indirect system call |
intro, errno(2) |
introduction to system calls and error numbers |
ioctl, gtty, stty(2) |
control device |
kill(2) |
send signal to a process |
link(2) |
link to a file |
lock(2) |
lock a process in primary memory |
lseek, tell(2) |
move read/write pointer |
mknod(2) |
make a directory or a special file |
mount, umount(2) |
mount or remove file system |
mpx(2) |
create and manipulate multiplexed files |
mpxcall(2) |
multiplexor and channel interface |
nice(2) |
set program priority |
open(2) |
open for reading or writing |
pause(2) |
stop until signal |
phys(2) |
allow a process to access physical addresses |
pipe(2) |
create an interprocess channel |
pkon, pkoff(2) |
establish packet protocol |
profil(2) |
execution time profile |
ptrace(2) |
process trace |
read(2) |
read from file |
setuid, setgid(2) |
set user and group ID |
signal(2) |
catch or ignore signals |
stat, fstat(2) |
get file status |
stime(2) |
set time |
sync(2) |
update super-block |
time, ftime(2) |
get date and time |
times(2) |
get process times |
umask(2) |
set file creation mode mask |
unlink(2) |
remove directory entry |
utime(2) |
set file times |
wait(2) |
wait for process to terminate |
write(2) |
write on a file |
abort(3) |
generate IOT fault |
abs(3) |
integer absolute value |
assert(3, 3X, 3x) |
program verification |
atof, atoi, atol(3) |
convert ASCII to numbers |
crypt, encrypt, setkey(3) |
DES encryption |
ctime, asctime, gmtime, localtime, timezone(3) |
convert date and time to ASCII |
ecvt, fcvt, gcvt(3) |
output conversion |
end, edata, etext(3) |
last locations in program |
exp, log, log10, pow, sqrt(3, 3M, 3m) |
exponential, logarithm, power, square root |
fclose, fflush(3, 3S, 3s) |
close or flush a stream |
fopen, fdopen, freopen(3, 3S, 3s) |
open a stream |
fread, fwrite(3, 3S, 3s) |
buffered binary input/output |
frexp, ldexp, modf(3) |
split into mantissa and exponent |
fseek, ftell, rewind(3, 3S, 3s) |
reposition a stream |
getc, fgetc, getchar, getw(3, 3S, 3s) |
get character or word from stream |
getenv(3) |
value for environment name |
getgrent, endgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent(3) |
get group file entry |
getlogin(3) |
get login name |
getpass(3) |
read a password |
getpw(3) |
get name from UID |
getpwent, endpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, setpwent(3) |
get password file entry |
gets, fgets(3, 3S, 3s) |
get a string from a stream |
hypot, cabs(3, 3M, 3m) |
euclidean distance |
intro(3) |
introduction to library functions |
j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn(3, 3M, 3m) |
bessel functions |
l3tol, ltol3(3) |
convert between 3-byte integers and long integers |
malloc, calloc, free, realloc(3) |
main memory allocator |
mktemp(3) |
make a unique file name |
monitor(3) |
prepare execution profile |
nlist(3) |
get entries from name list |
perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr(3) |
system error messages |
pkopen, pkclose, pkfail, pkread, pkwrite(3) |
packet driver simulator |
popen, pclose(3, 3S, 3s) |
initiate I/O to/from a process |
printf, fprintf, sprintf(3, 3S, 3s) |
formatted output conversion |
putc, fputc, putchar, putw(3, 3S, 3s) |
put character or word on a stream |
puts, fputs(3, 3S, 3s) |
put a string on a stream |
qsort(3) |
quicker sort |
rand, srand(3) |
random number generator |
scanf, fscanf, sscanf(3, 3S, 3s) |
formatted input conversion |
setbuf(3, 3S, 3s) |
assign buffering to a stream |
setjmp, longjmp(3) |
non-local goto |
sin, acos, asin, atan, atan2, cos, tan(3, 3M, 3m) |
trigonometric functions |
sinh, cosh, tanh(3, 3M, 3m) |
hyperbolic functions |
sleep(3) |
suspend execution for interval |
stdio(3, 3S, 3s) |
standard buffered input/output package |
swab(3) |
swap bytes |
system(3) |
issue a shell command |
ttyname, isatty, ttyslot(3) |
find name of a terminal |
ungetc(3, 3S, 3s) |
push character back into input stream |
cat(4) |
phototypesetter interface |
dn(4) |
DN-11 ACU interface |
du, dp(4) |
DU-11 201 data-phone interface |
hp(4) |
RH-11/RP04, RP05, RP06 moving-head disk |
hs(4) |
RH11/RS03-RS04 fixed-head disk file |
ht(4) |
RH-11/TU-16 magtape interface |
mem, kmem(4) |
core memory |
null(4) |
data sink |
pk(4) |
packet driver |
rf(4) |
RF11/RS11 fixed-head disk file |
rk(4) |
RK-11/RK03 or RK05 disk |
rp(4) |
RP-11/RP03 moving-head disk |
tc(4) |
TC-11/TU56 DECtape |
tm(4) |
TM-11/TU-10 magtape interface |
tty(4) |
general terminal interface |
vp(4) |
Versatec printer-plotter |
a.out(5) |
assembler and link editor output |
acct(5) |
execution accounting file |
ar(5) |
archive (library) file format |
core(5) |
format of core image file |
dir(5) |
format of directories |
dump, ddate(5) |
incremental dump format |
environ(5) |
user environment |
filsys, flblk, ino(5) |
format of file system volume |
group(5) |
group file |
mpxio(5) |
multiplexed i/o |
mtab(5) |
mounted file system table |
passwd(5) |
password file |
plot(5) |
graphics interface |
tp(5) |
DEC/mag tape formats |
ttys(5) |
terminal initialization data |
types(5) |
primitive system data types |
utmp, wtmp(5) |
login records |
arithmetic(6) |
provide drill in number facts |
backgammon(6) |
the game |
banner(6) |
make long posters |
bcd, ppt(6) |
convert to antique media |
bj(6) |
the game of black jack |
checkers(6) |
game |
chess(6) |
the game of chess |
ching, fortune(6) |
the book of changes and other cookies |
maze(6) |
generate a maze problem |
moo(6) |
guessing game |
quiz(6) |
test your knowledge |
reversi(6) |
a game of dramatic reversals |
ttt, cubic(6) |
tic-tac-toe |
wump(6) |
the game of hunt-the-wumpus |
ascii(7) |
map of ASCII character set |
eqnchar(7) |
special character definitions for eqn |
hier(7) |
file system hierarchy |
ms(7) |
macros for formatting manuscripts |
boot(8) |
startup procedures |
crash(8) |
what to do when the system crashes |
cron(8) |
clock daemon |
getty(8) |
set typewriter mode |
init, rc(8) |
process control initialization |
makekey(8) |
generate encryption key |
update(8) |
periodically update the super block |
exec, execl, environ, exece, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp(2) |
execute a file |
ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno(3, 3S, 3s) |
stream status inquiries |
floor, fabs, ceil(3, 3M, 3m) |
absolute value, floor, ceiling functions |
words, hangman(6) |
word games |
xsend, enroll, xget(1) |
secret mail |
man(7, c) |
macros to typeset manual |
ctype, isalpha, isalnum, isascii, iscntrl, isdigit, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper(3) |
character classification |
dbm, dbminit, delete, fetch, firstkey, nextkey, store(3, 3X, 3x) |
data base subroutines |
mp, itom, gcd, madd, mdiv, min, mout, msub, mult, pow, rpow(3, 3X, 3x) |
multiple precision integer arithmetic |
plot, plot:(3, 3X, 3x) |
openpl et al. - graphics interface |
string, strcat, index, rindex, strcmp, strcpy, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy(3) |
string operations |
term, terminals-(7) |
conventional names |