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HIER(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual HIER(7)

NAME

hier - file system hierarchy

DESCRIPTION

The following outline gives a quick tour through a representative directory hierarchy.

/: root
/dev/: devices (4)

console: main console, tty(4)
tty*: terminals, tty(4)
cat: phototypesetter cat(4)
rp*: disks, rp, hp(4)
rrp*: raw disks, rp, hp(4)
...

/bin/: utility programs, cf /usr/bin/ (1)

as: assembler first pass, cf /usr/lib/as2
cc: C compiler executive, cf /usr/lib/c[012]
...

/lib/: object libraries and other stuff, cf /usr/lib/

libc.a: system calls, standard I/O, etc. (2,3,3S)
libm.a: math routines (3M)
libplot.a: plotting routines, plot(3)
libF77.a: Fortran runtime support
libI77.a: Fortran I/O
...
as2: second pass of as(1)
c[012]: passes of cc(1)
...

/etc/: essential data and dangerous maintenance utilities

passwd: password file, passwd(5)
group: group file, group(5)
motd: message of the day, login(1)
mtab: mounted file table, mtab(5)
ddate: dump history, dump(1)
ttys: properties of terminals, ttys(5)
getty: part of login, getty(8)
init: the father of all processes, init(8)
rc: shell program to bring the system up
cron: the clock daemon, cron(8)
mount: mount(1)
wall: wall(1)
...

/tmp/: temporary files, usually on a fast device, cf /usr/tmp/

e*: used by ed(1)
ctm*: used by cc(1)
...

/usr/: general-pupose directory, usually a mounted file system

adm/: administrative information

wtmp: login history, utmp(5)
messages: hardware error messages
tracct: phototypesetter accounting, troff(1)
vpacct: line printer accounting lpr(1)

/usr /bin

utility programs, to keep /bin/ small

tmp/: temporaries, to keep /tmp/ small

stm*: used by sort(1)
raster: used by plot(1)

dict/: word lists, etc.

words: principal word list, used by look(1)
spellhist: history file for spell(1)

games/

bj: blackjack
hangman
quiz.k/: what quiz(6) knows

index: category index
africa: countries and capitals
...

...

include/: standard #include files

a.out.h: object file layout, a.out(5)
stdio.h: standard I/O, stdio(3)
math.h: (3M)
...
sys/: system-defined layouts, cf /usr/sys/h

acct.h: process accounts, acct(5)
buf.h: internal system buffers
...

lib/: object libraries and stuff, to keep /lib/ small

lint[12]: subprocesses for lint(1)
llib-lc: dummy declarations for /lib/libc.a, used by lint(1)
llib-lm: dummy declarations for /lib/libc.m
atrun: scheduler for at(1)
struct/: passes of struct(1)
...
tmac/: macros for troff(1)

tmac.an: macros for man(7)
tmac.s: macros for ms(7)
...

font/: fonts for troff(1)

R: Times Roman
B: Times Bold
...

uucp/: programs and data for uucp(1)

L.sys: remote system names and numbers
uucico: the real copy program
...

suftab: table of suffixes for hyphenation, used by troff(1)
units: conversion tables for units(1)
eign: list of English words to be ignored by ptx(1)

/usr/ man/

volume 1 of this manual, man(1)

man0/: general

intro: introduction to volume 1, ms(7) format
xx: template for manual page

man1/: chapter 1

as.1
mount.1m
...

cat1/: preprinted pages for man1/

as.1
mount.1m

...

spool/: delayed execution files

at/: used by at(1)
lpd/: used by lpr(1)

lock: present when line printer is active
cf*: copy of file to be printed, if necessary
df*: daemon control file, lpd(8)
tf*: transient control file, while lpr is working

uucp/: work files and staging area for uucp(1)

LOGFILE: summary log
LOG.*: log file for one transaction

mail/: mailboxes for mail(1)

uid: mail file for user uid
uid.lock: lock file while uid is receiving mail

wd: initial working directory of a user, typically wd is the user's login name

.profile: set environment for sh(1), environ(5)

calendar: user's datebook for calendar(1)

doc/: papers, mostly in volume 2 of this manual, typically in ms(7) format

as/: assembler manual
c: C manual
...

sys/: system source

dev/: device drivers

bio.c: common code
cat.c: cat(4)
dh.c: DH11, tty(4)
tty: tty(4)
...

conf/: hardware-dependent code

mch.s: assembly language portion
conf: configuration generator
...

h/: header (include) files

acct.h: acct(5)
stat.h: stat(2)
...

sys/: source for system proper

main.c
pipe.c
sysent.c: system entry points
...

/usr/ src/

source programs for utilities, etc.

cmd/: source of commands

as/: assembler

makefile: recipe for rebuilding the assembler
as1?.s: source of pass1

ar.c: source for ar(1)
...
troff/: source for nroff and troff(1)

nmake: makefile for nroff
tmake: makefile for troff
font/: source for font tables, /usr/lib/font/

ftR.c: Roman
...

term/: terminal characteristics tables, /usr/lib/term/

tab300.c: DASI 300
...

...

libc/: source for functions in /lib/libc.a

crt/: C runtime support

ldiv.s: division into a long
lmul.s: multiplication to produce long
...

csu/: startup and wrapup routines needed with every C program

crt0.s: regular startup
mcrt0.s: modified startup for cc -p

sys/: system calls (2)

access.s
alarm.s
...

stdio/: standard I/O functions (3S)

fgets.c
fopen.c
...

gen/: other functions in (3)

abs.c
atof.c
...

compall: shell procedure to compile libc
mklib: shell procedure to make /lib/libc.a

libI77/: source for /lib/libI77
libF77/
...
games/: source for /usr/games

SEE ALSO

ls(1), ncheck(1), find(1), grep(1)

BUGS

The position of files is subject to change without notice.

UNIX-7