NAME
pkill
, pgrep
,
prenice
—
find or signal processes by
name
SYNOPSIS
pgrep |
[-filnvx ] [-d
delim] [-G
gid] [-g
pgrp] [-P
ppid] [-s
sid] [-t
tty] [-U
uid] [-u
euid] pattern ... |
pkill |
[-signal ] [-filnvx ]
[-G gid]
[-g pgrp]
[-P ppid]
[-s sid]
[-t tty]
[-U uid]
[-u euid]
pattern ... |
prenice |
[-l ] priority
pattern ... |
DESCRIPTION
Thepgrep
command searches the process table on the
running system and prints the process IDs of all processes that match the
criteria given on the command line.
The pkill
command searches the process
table on the running system and signals all processes that match the
criteria given on the command line.
The prenice
command searches the process
table on the running system and sets the priority of all processes that
match the criteria given on the command line.
By default, matching applies to any substring of the command name (argv[0]), but options may be used to change this. Patterns are specified using extended regular expressions (see re_format(7)).
The following options are available for
pkill
and pgrep
:
-d
delim- Specify a delimiter to be printed between each process ID. The default is
a newline. This option can only be used with the
pgrep
command. -f
- Match against full argument lists. The default is to match against process names.
-G
gid- Restrict matches to processes with a real group ID in the comma-separated list gid.
-g
pgrp- Restrict matches to processes with a process group ID in the
comma-separated list pgrp. The value zero is taken
to mean the process group ID of the running
pgrep
orpkill
command. -i
- Ignore case distinctions in both the process table and the supplied pattern.
-l
- Long output. Print the process name in addition to the process ID for each
matching process. If used in conjunction with
-f
, print the process ID and the full argument list for each matching process. -n
- Match only the most recently created process, if any.
-P
ppid- Restrict matches to processes with a parent process ID in the comma-separated list ppid.
-s
sid- Restrict matches to processes with a session ID in the comma-separated
list sid. The value zero is taken to mean the
session ID of the running
pgrep
orpkill
command. -t
tty- Restrict matches to processes associated with a terminal in the comma-separated list tty. Terminal names may be specified as a fully qualified path, in the form ‘ttyXX’, or ‘pts/N’, (where XX is any pair of letters, and N is a number), or the shortened forms ‘XX’ or ‘N’. A single dash (‘-’) matches processes not associated with a terminal.
-U
uid- Restrict matches to processes with a real user ID in the comma-separated list uid.
-u
euid- Restrict matches to processes with an effective user ID in the comma-separated list euid.
-v
- Reverse the sense of the matching; display processes that do not match the given criteria.
-x
- Require an exact match of the process name, or argument list if
-f
is given. The default is to match any substring. -signal
- A non-negative decimal number or symbolic signal name specifying the
signal to be sent instead of the default TERM. This option is valid only
when given as the first argument to
pkill
.
The -l
flag is also available for
prenice
.
Note that a running pgrep
,
pkill
, or prenice
process
will never consider itself or system processes (kernel threads) as a
potential match.
IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
The Sun Solaris implemenation utilised procfs to obtain process information. This implementation utilises kvm(3) instead.
EXIT STATUS
pgrep
, pkill
, and
prenice
return one of the following values upon
exit:
- 0
- One or more processes were matched.
- 1
- No processes were matched.
- 2
- Invalid options were specified on the command line.
- 3
- An internal error occurred.
SEE ALSO
grep(1), kill(1), ps(1), kill(2), sigaction(2), kvm(3), re_format(7), signal(7), renice(8)
HISTORY
pkill
and pgrep
first appeared in NetBSD 1.6. They are modelled
after utilities of the same name that appeared in Sun Solaris 7.
prenice
was introduced in
NetBSD 6.0.
AUTHORS
Andrew Doran <ad@NetBSD.org>.