NAME
reboot, halt,
fastboot, fasthalt —
stopping and restarting the
system
SYNOPSIS
halt |
[-lNnpq] [-k
kernel] |
reboot |
[-cdlNnpqr] [-k
kernel] |
fasthalt |
[-lNnpq] [-k
kernel] |
fastboot |
[-dlNnpq] [-k
kernel] |
DESCRIPTION
Thehalt and reboot utilities
flush the file system cache to disk, send all running processes a
SIGTERM (and subsequently a
SIGKILL) and, respectively, halt or restart the
system. The action is logged, including entering a shutdown record into the
user accounting database.
The options are as follows:
-c- The system will turn off the power and then turn it back on if it can. If
the power down action fails, the system will halt or reboot normally,
depending on whether
haltorrebootwas called. At the present time, only the ipmi(4) driver implements the power cycle functionality and only on hardware with a BMC that supports power cycling. Unlike power off, the amount of hardware that supports power cycling is small. -d- The system is requested to create a crash dump. This option is supported only when rebooting, and it has no effect unless a dump device has previously been specified with dumpon(8).
-kkernel- Boot the specified kernel on the next system boot. If the kernel boots successfully, the default kernel will be booted on successive boots, this is a one-shot option. If the boot fails, the system will continue attempting to boot kernel until the boot process is interrupted and a valid kernel booted. This may change in the future.
-l- The halt or reboot is
not logged
to the system log. This option is intended for applications such as
shutdown(8), that call
rebootorhaltand log this themselves. -N- The file system cache is not flushed during the initial process clean-up, however the kernel level reboot(2) is still processed with a sync. This option can be useful for performing a “best-effort” reboot when devices might be unavailable. This can happen when devices have been disconnected, such as with iscsi(4).
-n- The file system cache is not flushed. This option should probably not be used.
-p- The system will turn off the power if it can. If the power down action
fails, the system will halt or reboot normally, depending on whether
haltorrebootwas called. -q- The system is halted or restarted quickly and ungracefully, and only the
flushing of the file system cache is performed (if the
-noption is not specified). This option should probably not be used. -r- The system kills all processes, unmounts all filesystems, mounts the new
root filesystem, and begins the usual startup sequence. After changing
vfs.root.mountfrom with
kenv(1),
reboot-rcan be used to change the root filesystem while preserving kernel state. This requires the tmpfs(5) kernel module to be loaded because init(8) needs a place to store itself after the old root is unmounted, but before the new root is in place.
The fasthalt and
fastboot utilities are nothing more than aliases for
the halt and reboot
utilities.
Normally, the shutdown(8) utility is used when the system needs to be halted or restarted, giving users advance warning of their impending doom and cleanly terminating specific programs.
EXAMPLES
Replace current root filesystem with UFS mounted from /dev/ada0s1a:
kenv vfs.root.mountfrom=ufs:/dev/ada0s1a reboot -r
This mechanism can also be used with NFS, with a caveat that it only works with NFSv4, and requires a numeric IPv4 address:
kenv vfs.root.mountfrom=nfs:192.168.1.1:/share/name reboot -r
SEE ALSO
kenv(1), getutxent(3), ipmi(4), boot(8), dumpon(8), nextboot(8), savecore(8), shutdown(8), sync(8)
HISTORY
A reboot utility appeared in
4.0BSD.