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MKDIR(2) System Calls Manual MKDIR(2)

mkdir, mkdirat — make a directory file

library “libc”

#include <sys/stat.h>

int
mkdir(const char *path, mode_t mode);

int
mkdirat(int fd, const char *path, mode_t mode);

The directory path is created with the access permissions specified by mode and restricted by the umask(2) of the calling process.

The directory's owner ID is set to the process's effective user ID. The directory's group ID is set to that of the parent directory in which it is created.

The () system call is equivalent to () except in the case where path specifies a relative path. In this case the newly created directory is created relative to the directory associated with the file descriptor fd instead of the current working directory. If mkdirat() is passed the special value AT_FDCWD in the fd parameter, the current working directory is used and the behavior is identical to a call to mkdir().

The mkdir() function returns the value 0 if successful; otherwise the value -1 is returned and the global variable errno is set to indicate the error.

The mkdir() system call will fail and no directory will be created if:

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A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
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A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters, or an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
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A component of the path prefix does not exist.
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Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix, or write permission is denied on the parent directory of the directory to be created.
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Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.
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The parent directory of the directory to be created has its immutable flag set, see the chflags(2) manual page for more information.
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The named directory would reside on a read-only file system.
The new directory cannot be created because the parent directory contains too many subdirectories.
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The named file exists.
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The new directory cannot be created because there is no space left on the file system that will contain the directory.
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There are no free inodes on the file system on which the directory is being created.
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The new directory cannot be created because the user's quota of disk blocks on the file system that will contain the directory has been exhausted.
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The user's quota of inodes on the file system on which the directory is being created has been exhausted.
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An I/O error occurred while making the directory entry or allocating the inode.
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An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
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The path argument points outside the process's allocated address space.

In addition to the errors returned by the mkdir(), the mkdirat() may fail if:

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The path argument does not specify an absolute path and the fd argument is neither AT_FDCWD nor a valid file descriptor open for searching.
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The path argument is not an absolute path and fd is neither AT_FDCWD nor a file descriptor associated with a directory.

chflags(2), chmod(2), stat(2), umask(2)

The mkdir() system call is expected to conform to IEEE Std 1003.1-1990 (“POSIX.1”). The mkdirat() system call follows The Open Group Extended API Set 2 specification.

The mkdirat() system call appeared in FreeBSD 8.0. The mkdir() system call appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.

June 26, 2008 FreeBSD-12.0