NAME
cal
, ncal
—
displays a calendar and the date of
Easter
SYNOPSIS
cal |
[-3hjy ] [-A
number] [-B
number] [[month]
year] |
cal |
[-3hj ] [-A
number] [-B
number] -m
month [year] |
ncal |
[-3hjJpwy ] [-A
number] [-B
number] [-s
country_code] [[month]
year] |
ncal |
[-3hJeo ] [-A
number] [-B
number] [year] |
ncal |
[-CN ] [-H
yyyy-mm-dd] [-d
yyyy-mm] |
DESCRIPTION
Thecal
utility displays a simple calendar in
traditional format and ncal
offers an alternative
layout, more options and the date of Easter. The new format is a little
cramped but it makes a year fit on a 25x80 terminal. If arguments are not
specified, the current month is displayed.
The options are as follows:
-h
- Turns off highlighting of today.
-J
- Display Julian Calendar, if combined with the
-e
option, display date of Easter according to the Julian Calendar. -e
- Display date of Easter (for western churches).
-j
- Display Julian days (days one-based, numbered from January 1).
-m
month- Display the specified month. If
month is specified as a decimal number, it may be
followed by the letter ‘
f
’ or ‘p
’ to indicate the following or preceding month of that number, respectively. -o
- Display date of Orthodox Easter (Greek and Russian Orthodox Churches).
-p
- Print the country codes and switching days from Julian to Gregorian
Calendar as they are assumed by
ncal
. The country code as determined from the local environment is marked with an asterisk. -s
country_code- Assume the switch from Julian to Gregorian Calendar at the date associated
with the country_code. If not specified,
ncal
tries to guess the switch date from the local environment or falls back to September 2, 1752. This was when Great Britain and her colonies switched to the Gregorian Calendar. -w
- Print the number of the week below each week column.
-y
- Display a calendar for the specified year.
-3
- Display the previous, current and next month surrounding today.
-A
number- Display the number of months after the current month.
-B
number- Display the number of months before the current month.
-C
- Switch to
cal
mode. -N
- Switch to
ncal
mode. -d
yyyy-mm- Use yyyy-mm as the current date (for debugging of date selection).
-H
yyyy-mm-dd- Use yyyy-mm-dd as the current date (for debugging of highlighting).
A single parameter specifies the year (1–9999) to
be displayed; note the year must be fully specified:
“cal 89
” will
not display a
calendar for 1989. Two parameters denote the month and year; the month is
either a number between 1 and 12, or a full or abbreviated name as specified
by the current locale. Month and year default to those of the current system
clock and time zone (so “cal -m 8
”
will display a calendar for the month of August in the current year).
Not all options can be used together. For example
“-3 -A 2 -B 3 -y -m 7
” would mean:
show me the three months around the seventh month, three before that, two
after that and the whole year. ncal
will warn about
these combinations.
A year starts on January 1.
Highlighting of dates is disabled if stdout is not a tty.
SEE ALSO
STANDARDS
The cal
utility is compliant with the
X/Open System Interfaces option of the IEEE Std 1003.1-2008
(“POSIX.1”) specification.
The flags [-3hyJeopw
], as well as the
ability to specify a month name as a single argument, are extensions to that
specification.
The week number computed by -w
is
compliant with the ISO 8601 specification.
HISTORY
A cal
command appeared in
Version 1 AT&T UNIX. The
ncal
command appeared in FreeBSD
2.2.6.
AUTHORS
The ncal
command and manual were written
by Wolfgang Helbig
<helbig@FreeBSD.org>.
BUGS
The assignment of Julian–Gregorian switching dates to country codes is historically naive for many countries.
Not all options are compatible and using them in different orders will give varying results.
It is not possible to display Monday as the first day of the week
with cal
.