NAME
w —
display who is logged in and what they
are doing
SYNOPSIS
w |
[-dhin] [-M
core] [-N
system] [user ...] |
DESCRIPTION
Thew utility prints a summary of the current activity
on the system, including what each user is doing. The first line displays the
current time of day, how long the system has been running, the number of users
logged into the system, and the load averages. The load average numbers give
the number of jobs in the run queue averaged over 1, 5 and 15 minutes.
The fields output are the user's login name, the name of the terminal the user is on, the host from which the user is logged in, the time the user logged on, the time since the user last typed anything, and the name and arguments of the current process.
The options are as follows:
-d- dumps out the entire process list on a per controlling tty basis, instead of just the top level process.
-h- Suppress the heading.
-i- Output is sorted by idle time.
-M- Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core instead of the default /dev/kmem.
-N- Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default /boot/kernel.
-n- Don't attempt to resolve network addresses (normally
winterprets addresses and attempts to display them as names).
If one or more user names are specified, the output is restricted to those users.
FILES
- /var/run/utmp
- list of users on the system
COMPATIBILITY
The -f, -l,
-s, and -w flags are no
longer supported.
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
The w command appeared in
3.0BSD.
BUGS
The notion of the “current process” is muddy. The
current algorithm is ``the highest numbered process on the terminal that is
not ignoring interrupts, or, if there is none, the highest numbered process
on the terminal''. This fails, for example, in critical sections of programs
like the shell and editor, or when faulty programs running in the background
fork and fail to ignore interrupts. (In cases where no process can be found,
w prints “-”.)
The CPU time is only an estimate, in particular, if someone leaves a background process running after logging out, the person currently on that terminal is “charged” with the time.
Background processes are not shown, even though they account for much of the load on the system.
Sometimes processes, typically those in the background, are printed with null or garbaged arguments. In these cases, the name of the command is printed in parentheses.
The w utility does not know about the new
conventions for detection of background jobs. It will sometimes find a
background job instead of the right one.