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NAME

stpcpy, stpncpy, strcpy, strncpy — copy strings

LIBRARY

library “libc”

SYNOPSIS

#include <string.h>

char *
stpcpy(char * restrict dst, const char * restrict src);

char *
stpncpy(char * restrict dst, const char * restrict src, size_t len);

char *
strcpy(char * restrict dst, const char * restrict src);

char *
strncpy(char * restrict dst, const char * restrict src, size_t len);

RETURN VALUES

The strcpy() and strncpy() functions return dst. The stpcpy() and stpncpy() functions return a pointer to the terminating ‘\0’ character of dst. If stpncpy() does not terminate dst with a NUL character, it instead returns a pointer to dst[n] (which does not necessarily refer to a valid memory location.)

EXAMPLES

The following sets chararray to “abc\0\0\0”:

char chararray[6];

(void)strncpy(chararray, "abc", sizeof(chararray));

The following sets chararray to “abcdef”:

char chararray[6];

(void)strncpy(chararray, "abcdefgh", sizeof(chararray));

Note that it does not NUL terminate chararray because the length of the source string is greater than or equal to the length argument.

The following copies as many characters from input to buf as will fit and NUL terminates the result. Because strncpy() does not guarantee to NUL terminate the string itself, this must be done explicitly.

char buf[1024];

(void)strncpy(buf, input, sizeof(buf) - 1);
buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';

This could be better achieved using strlcpy(3), as shown in the following example:

Note that because strlcpy(3) is not defined in any standards, it should only be used when portability is not a concern.

SEE ALSO

bcopy(3), memccpy(3), memcpy(3), memmove(3), strlcpy(3), wcscpy(3)

STANDARDS

The strcpy() and strncpy() functions conform to ISO/IEC 9899:1990 (“ISO C90”). The stpcpy() and stpncpy() functions conform to IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 (“POSIX.1”).

HISTORY

The stpcpy() function first appeared in FreeBSD 4.4, and stpncpy() was added in FreeBSD 8.0.

SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS

The strcpy() function is easily misused in a manner which enables malicious users to arbitrarily change a running program's functionality through a buffer overflow attack. (See the FSA and EXAMPLES.)