shmctl(2) - Manual pages

NAME

shmctl — shared memory control

LIBRARY

library “libc”

SYNOPSIS

#include <machine/param.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>

int
shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds *buf);

DESCRIPTION

Performs the action specified by cmd on the shared memory segment identified by shmid:

IPC_STAT: Fetch the segment's struct shmid_ds, storing it in the memory pointed to by buf.
IPC_SET: Changes the shm_perm.uid, shm_perm.gid, and shm_perm.mode members of the segment's struct shmid_ds to match those of the struct pointed to by buf. The calling process's effective uid must match either shm_perm.uid or shm_perm.cuid, or it must have superuser privileges.
IPC_RMID: Removes the segment from the system. The removal will not take effect until all processes having attached the segment have exited; however, once the IPC_RMID operation has taken place, no further processes will be allowed to attach the segment. For the operation to succeed, the calling process's effective uid must match shm_perm.uid or shm_perm.cuid, or the process must have superuser privileges.

The shmid_ds struct is defined as follows:

typedef unsigned int shmatt_t;

struct shmid_ds {
    struct ipc_perm shm_perm;   /* operation permission structure */
    size_t          shm_segsz;  /* size of segment in bytes */
    pid_t           shm_lpid;   /* process ID of last shared memory op */
    pid_t           shm_cpid;   /* process ID of creator */
    shmatt_t        shm_nattch; /* number of current attaches */
    time_t          shm_atime;  /* time of last shmat() */
    time_t          shm_dtime;  /* time of last shmdt() */
    time_t          shm_ctime;  /* time of last change by shmctl() */
    void           *shm_internal; /* sysv stupidity */
};

RETURN VALUES

The shmctl() function returns the value 0 if successful; otherwise the value -1 is returned and the global variable errno is set to indicate the error.

ENVIRONMENT

The XSI Interprocess Communication family of functions is also available as an implementation in userspace. To use it, the sysvipcd(8) daemon has to be running.

If the USR_SYSVIPC variable is set in a process' environment, the process and its children will use the userspace implementation.

ERRORS

Shmctl() will fail if:

[EINVAL]: Invalid operation, or no shared memory segment was found corresponding to shmid.
[EPERM]: The calling process's effective uid does not match the uid of the shared memory segment's owner or creator.
[EACCES]: Permission denied due to mismatch between operation and mode of shared memory segment.

AUTHORS

The DragonFly specific userspace implementation (see ENVIRONMENT) was written by Larisa Grigore.

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