man.bsd.lv manual page server

DESCRIPTION

A RADIUS server is described by three to seven fields on a line:

• Service type
• Server host
• Shared secret
• Timeout
• Retries
• Dead time
• Bind address

The fields are separated by white space. The ‘#’ character at the beginning of a field begins a comment, which extends to the end of the line. A field may be enclosed in double quotes, in which case it may contain white space and/or begin with the ‘#’ character. Within a quoted string, the double quote character can be represented by ‘\"’, and the backslash can be represented by ‘\\’. No other escape sequences are supported.

The first field gives the service type, either ‘auth’ for RADIUS authentication or ‘acct’ for RADIUS accounting. If a single server provides both services, two lines are required in the file. Earlier versions of this file did not include a service type. For backward compatibility, if the first field is not ‘auth’ or ‘acct’ the library behaves as if ‘auth’ were specified, and interprets the fields in the line as if they were fields two through five.

The second field specifies the server host, either as a fully qualified domain name or as a dotted-quad IP address. The host may optionally be followed by a ‘:’ and a numeric port number, without intervening white space. If the port specification is omitted, it defaults to the ‘radius’ or ‘radacct’ service in the /etc/services file for service types ‘auth’ and ‘acct’, respectively. If no such entry is present, the standard ports 1812 and 1813 are used.

The third field contains the shared secret, which should be known only to the client and server hosts. It is an arbitrary string of characters, though it must be enclosed in double quotes if it contains white space. The shared secret may be any length, but the RADIUS protocol uses only the first 128 characters. N.B., some popular RADIUS servers have bugs which prevent them from working properly with secrets longer than 16 characters.

The fourth field contains a decimal integer specifying the timeout in seconds for receiving a valid reply from the server. If this field is omitted, it defaults to 3 seconds.

The fifth field contains a decimal integer specifying the maximum number of attempts that will be made to authenticate with the server before giving up. If omitted, it defaults to 3 attempts. Note, this is the total number of attempts and not the number of retries.

The sixth field contains a decimal integer specifying a time interval in seconds when the server will not requested if it was inaccessible on the last try. 0 means ask always.

The seventh field contains an IP address on multihomed host. All requests will be binded to this IP.

Up to 10 RADIUS servers may be specified for each service type. The servers are tried in round-robin fashion, until a valid response is received or the maximum number of tries has been reached for all servers.

The standard location for this file is /etc/radius.conf. But an alternate pathname may be specified in the call to rad_config(3). Since the file contains sensitive information in the form of the shared secrets, it should not be readable except by root.

# A simple entry using all the defaults:
acct  radius1.domain.com  OurLittleSecret

# A server still using the obsolete RADIUS port, with increased
# timeout and maximum tries:
auth  auth.domain.com:1645  "I can't see you"  5  4

# As above but set dead time and bind address
auth  auth.domain.com:1645  "I can't see you"  5  4  60  192.168.1.8

# A server specified by its IP address:
auth  192.168.27.81  $X*#..38947ax-+=