NAME
last —
indicate last logins of users and
ttys
SYNOPSIS
last |
[-n]
[-T] [-f
file] [-h
host] [-t
tty] [-L
linesize] [-N
namesize] [-H
hostsize] [user ...] |
DESCRIPTION
last will list the sessions of specified
users, ttys, and
hosts, in reverse time order. Each line of output
contains the user name, the tty from which the session was conducted, any
hostname, the start and stop times for the session, and the duration of the
session. If the session is still continuing or was cut short by a crash or
shutdown, last will so indicate.
-ffilelastreads the file file instead of the default, /var/log/wtmpx or /var/log/wtmp. If the file ends with `x', it is treated as a utmpx(5) format file, else it is treated as a utmp(5) format file.-n- Limits the report to n lines.
-ttty- Specify the tty. Tty names may be given fully or
abbreviated, for example, “
last -t 03” is equivalent to “last -t tty03”. -hhost- Host names may be names or internet numbers.
-T- Display better time information, including the year and seconds.
-Llinesize- Use the provided linesize as the width to format the tty field.
-Nnamesize- Use the provided namesize as the width to format the login name field.
-Hhostsize- Use the provided hostsize as the width to format the host name field.
If multiple arguments are given, the information which applies to
any of the arguments is printed, e.g., “last root -t
console” would list all of
“root's” sessions as well as all
sessions on the console terminal. If no users, hostnames or terminals are
specified, last prints a record of all logins and
logouts.
The pseudo-user reboot logs in at reboots of
the system, thus “last reboot” will
give an indication of mean time between reboot.
If last is interrupted, it indicates to
what date the search has progressed. If interrupted with a quit signal
last indicates how far the search has progressed and
then continues.
FILES
- /var/log/wtmpx
- login data base
- /var/log/wtmp
- login data base
SEE ALSO
HISTORY
last appeared in
3.0BSD.